Dynamic Impact of Income Growth on Diet Quality in China, 1989–2006: An Update
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Earlier research covering 1989–1997 found adverse relationships between income and diet quality in China. This study uses data on 7718 subjects aged 20–45 years old from 7 waves of China Health and Nutrition Survey over a 17-year period to explore income effects on diet quality in greater depth. Dietary intakes were measured using a combination of the weighing method and three consecutive 24-h recalls and food groups and nutrients calculated. Detailed income data was used to characterize income elasticity. Multivariate longitudinal random-effects models predicted (a) the probability of consuming any specific group of food and (b) the quantity of specific food group consumed as a function of income change over time, controlled for age, gender, education, urban residence, and major food prices. In the past decade, we did not see continued rapid decrease in grain consumption, but observed continued rapid increase in consumption of animal source foods (doubled in all income groups) and edible oil (tripled in low income and doubled in high income groups). Pork as % animal food decreased rapidly with high income. Significant shifts in income-diet relationships in the period after 1997 were found and varied considerably by socioeconomic status. These income changes indicate an acceleration of the shift in the burden of less healthy diets (highly energy dense and obesogenic in the Chinese context) toward the poor.
JOUR
Du, Shufa
Gordon-Larsen, Penny
Popkin, Barry M.
2008
FASEB Journal
22
452.6
528