Body Weight and Mortality: A Prospective Evaluation in a Cohort of Middle-Aged Men in Shanghai, China
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BACKGROUND: The relationship between relative body weight and mortality has been well studied in Western populations and remains controversial. Little is known about the weight-mortality association in less well fed people in developing countries. METHODS: A cohort of 18 244 Chinese men aged 45-64 years in Shanghai, China enrolled in a prospective study of diet and cancer during January 1986 through September 1989. At recruitment, height and usual body weight were collected through interview. An active, annual follow-up of the cohort was conducted for cancer and death. Proportional hazards regression method was used to examine the relation between body mass index (BMI, weight in kg/height in m2 and overall and cause-specific mortality. RESULTS: By 28 February 1995, 1198 deaths (498 from cancer, 422 from cardlo-and cerebro vascular disease, and 278 from other causes) had been identified. We found a U-shaped relation between BMI and total mortality among lifelong non-smokers. Compared with non-smokers with BMI 21.0-<23.5, the relative risk (RR) for all cause mortality was 1.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.23-2.42) for men with BMI <18.5 and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.07-2.03) for men with BMI [≥]26 after adjustment for age, level of education, and alcohol drinking. The elevated risk of death in men with BMI [≥]26 was largely due to fatal cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases. There was a nearly twofold excess risk of death from cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases among lifelong non-smokers with BMI [≥]26 compared with non-smokers with BMI 21-<23.5 (95% CI: 1.17-3.22). On the other hand, the increased overall mortality risk in men with BMI <18.5 was primarily due to causes of an infectious origin. Exdusion of the first 4 years of follow-up data did not materially alter the BMI-mortality associations. CONCLUSION: Underweight and overweight both are associated with an increased risk of death in middle-aged Chinese men who never smoked cigarettes. The increased total mortality in overweight men is largely due to cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases while the elevated risk of death in underweight men is attributed primarily to causes of an infectious nature.
JOUR
Yuan, Jian-Min
Ross, Ronald K.
Gao, Yu-Tang
Yu, Mimi
1998
International Journal of Epidemiology
27
5
824-832
10.1093/ije/27.5.824
195