The Impact of Household Income and Food Prices on Food Consumption and Dietary Fat Intake in China, 1989-1993: A Longitudinal Analysis

Guo, Xuguang. (1998). The Impact of Household Income and Food Prices on Food Consumption and Dietary Fat Intake in China, 1989-1993: A Longitudinal Analysis. Master's thesis / Doctoral dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Citation:

Guo, Xuguang. (1998). The Impact of Household Income and Food Prices on Food Consumption and Dietary Fat Intake in China, 1989-1993: A Longitudinal Analysis. Master's thesis / Doctoral dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

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Abstract:

This dissertation contains an in-depth analysis of the effects of economic change on fat-related foods in a cohort of Chinese adults, aged 20-49 years, who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 1989-1993. Descriptive and multivariate longitudinal analyses were undertaken to understand a variety of factors affecting individual food choice, nutrient intakes, and dietary patterns associated with either nutritional deficit or excess. These aims were achieved by defining and statistically testing the effects of income and prices on food consumption through a two-stage random-effects model. This population experienced a major change in their diets between 1989 and 1993. The quantities and proportions of individuals consuming animal foods and edible oils increased dramatically, while the consumption of coarse grains decreased. The average per capita consumption of edible oils more than doubled, with about a 26% increase in the proportion of individuals consuming oils. Red meat consumption increased by 33%, while the consumption of plant foods decreased by about 40%. These changes were associated with the tertile of income and place of residence. Multivariate longitudinal analysis sequentially linked income and price changes with subsequent shifts in the consumption of major food groups. Income was positively associated with the consumption of animal foods and dietary fat intake, and negatively associated with staple foods. This included an increased probability of consuming red meat, eggs and a reduced probability of consuming coarse grains. The same pattern held in examining the quantity of pork and coarse grains consumed, respectively. Although the likelihood of consuming rice increased with income, the quantity of rice consumed decreased with income. Own-price elasticity was negative, and cross-price elasticity positive for food substitutes, moreover. As rice price arose, the dietary pattern shifted to lower priced sources of energy and protein. Pork was the only food for which a price increase reduced energy and nutrient intakes. The poor were more sensitive to change in the price of pork than the rich. These results have major implications for active food policy to promote a healthy diet in low-income countries undergoing the nutrition transition.

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Reference Type:
THES

Secondary Title:

Series Title:

Author(s):
Guo, Xuguang

Editor(s):

Series Author(s):
Popkin, Barry M.

Year Published:
1998

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Volume Number:
9840919

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Start Page Number:
257-257

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Publisher:
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

City of Publication:
Ann Arbor

ISSN/ISBN:
9780591948608; 0591948605

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Reference ID:
1916

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