Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations during Pregnancy and Infant Birthweight for Gestational Age: A Three-Cohort Study

Citation

Tian, Yan; Holzman, Claudia B.; Siega-Riz, Anna Maria; Williams, Michelle A.; Dole, Nancy; Enquobahrie, Daniel A.; & Ferre, Cynthia D. (2016). Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations during Pregnancy and Infant Birthweight for Gestational Age: A Three-Cohort Study. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 30(2), 124-133. PMCID: PMC4749469

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In response to inconsistent findings, we investigated associations between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and infant birthweight for gestational age (BW/GA), including potential effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity and infant sex.
METHODS: Data from 2558 pregnant women were combined in a nested case-control study (preterm and term) sampled from three cohorts: the Omega study, the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition study, and the Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health study. Maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were sampled at 4 to 29 weeks gestation (80% 14-26 weeks). BW/GA was modelled as sex and gestational age-specific birthweight z-scores. General linear regression models (adjusting for age, education, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, season at blood draw, and smoking) assessed 25(OH)D concentrations in relation to BW/GA.
RESULTS: Among non-Hispanic Black women, the positive association between 25(OH)D concentrations and BW/GA was of similar magnitude in pregnancies with female or male infants [beta (beta) = 0.015, standard error (SE) = 0.007, P = 0.025; beta = 0.018, SE = 0.006, P = 0.003, respectively]. Among non-Hispanic White women, 25(OH)D-BW/GA association was observed only with male infants, and the effect size was lower (beta = 0.008, SE = 0.003, P = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal serum concentrations of 25(OH)D in early and mid-pregnancy were positively associated with BW/GA among non-Hispanic Black male and female infants and non-Hispanic White male infants. Effect modification by race/ethnicity may be due, in part, to overall lower concentrations of 25(OH)D in non-Hispanic Blacks. Reasons for effect modification by infant sex remain unclear.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12262

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2016

Journal Title

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology

Author(s)

Tian, Yan
Holzman, Claudia B.
Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
Williams, Michelle A.
Dole, Nancy
Enquobahrie, Daniel A.
Ferre, Cynthia D.

PMCID

PMC4749469

ORCiD

Siega-Riz - 0000-0002-1303-4248
Dole - 0000-0002-2113-7984