Citation
Duffey, Kiyah J. & Popkin, Barry M. (2008). High-Fructose Corn Syrup: Is This What’s for Dinner?. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88(6), S1722S-32. PMCID: PMC2746720Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research on trends in consumption of added sugar and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the United States has largely focused on calorically sweetened beverages and ignored other sources.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine US consumption of added sugar and HFCS to determine long-term trends in availability and intake from beverages and foods.
DESIGN: We used 2 estimation techniques and data from the Nationwide Food Consumption Surveys (1965 and 1977), Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (1989-1991), and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004) to examine trends in HFCS and added sugar both overall and within certain food and beverage groups.
RESULTS: Availability and consumption of HFCS and added sugar increased over time until a slight decline between 2000 and 2004. By 2004, HFCS provided roughly 8% of total energy intake compared with total added sugar of 377 kcal . person(-1) . d(-1), accounting for 17% of total energy intake. Although food and beverage trends were similar, soft drinks and fruit drinks provided the most HFCS (158 and 40 kcal . person(-1) . d(-1) in 2004, respectively). Moreover, among the top 20% of individuals, 896 kcal . person(-1) . d(-1) of added sugar was consumed compared with 505 kcal . person(-1) . d(-1) of HFCS. Among consumers, sweetened tea and desserts also represented major contributors of calories from added sugar (>100 kcal . person(-1) . d(-1)).
CONCLUSION: Although increased intake of calories from HFCS is important to examine, the health effect of overall trends in added caloric sweeteners should not be overlooked.
URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.25825CReference Type
Journal ArticleYear Published
2008Journal Title
American Journal of Clinical NutritionAuthor(s)
Duffey, Kiyah J.Popkin, Barry M.