Disentangling Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Treatment for Colorectal Cancer

Citation

Obrochta, Chelsea A.; Murphy, James D.; Tsou, Ming-Hsiang; & Thompson, Caroline A. (2021). Disentangling Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Treatment for Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 30(8), 1546-1553. PMCID: PMC8338765

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is curable if diagnosed early and treated properly. Black and Hispanic patients with colorectal cancer are more likely to experience treatment delays and/or receive lower standards of care. Socioeconomic deprivation may contribute to these disparities, but this has not been extensively quantified. We studied the interrelationship between patient race/ethnicity and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) on receipt of timely appropriate treatment among patients with colorectal cancer in California.
METHODS: White, Black, and Hispanic patients (26,870) diagnosed with stage I-III colorectal cancer (2009-2013) in the California Cancer Registry were included. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of race/ethnicity and nSES with three outcomes: undertreatment, >60-day treatment delay, and >90-day treatment delay. Joint effect models and mediation analysis were used to explore the interrelationships between race/ethnicity and nSES.
RESULTS: Hispanics and Blacks were at increased risk for undertreatment [Black OR = 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23-1.57; Hispanic OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.08-1.27] and treatment delay (Black/60-day OR = 1.78; 95% CI = 1.57-2.02; Hispanic/60-day OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.38-1.64) compared with Whites. Of the total effect (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.07-1.24) of non-white race on undertreatment, 45.71% was explained by nSES.
CONCLUSIONS: Lower nSES patients of any race were at substantially higher risk for undertreatment and treatment delay, and racial/ethnic disparities are reduced or eliminated among non-white patients living in the highest SES neighborhoods. Racial and ethnic disparities persisted after accounting for neighborhood socioeconomic status, and between the two, race/ethnicity explained a larger portion of the total effects.
IMPACT: This research improves our understanding of how socioeconomic deprivation contributes to racial/ethnic disparities in colorectal cancer.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1728

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2021

Journal Title

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

Author(s)

Obrochta, Chelsea A.
Murphy, James D.
Tsou, Ming-Hsiang
Thompson, Caroline A.

Article Type

Regular

PMCID

PMC8338765

Data Set/Study

California Cancer Registry (CCR)

Continent/Country

United States

State

California

Race/Ethnicity

Black
White
Hispanic

ORCiD

Thompson, C. - 0000-0001-9990-9756