Association of Prenatal Substance Use with Prenatal and Postpartum Care: Evidence from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2016–2019

Citation

Simmons, Elizabeth & Austin, Anna E. (2022). Association of Prenatal Substance Use with Prenatal and Postpartum Care: Evidence from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2016–2019. Preventive Medicine, 159, 107065. PMCID: PMC10018998

Abstract

The objective of this study was to build on existing qualitative research to estimate the association of prenatal substance use with prenatal and postpartum care. We used data from the 2016–2019 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for 9 states. We conducted adjusted linear regression to compare month of gestation of first prenatal visit and adjusted logistic regression to compare receipt of adequate prenatal care and a postpartum healthcare visit among women who reported prenatal use of any opioids, prescription opioids, marijuana, and illicit drugs to those who did not report use of each substance. Women who reported prenatal use of any opioids (Risk Difference(RD) = 0.16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.04, 0.28), prescription opioids (RD = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.04, 0.28), marijuana (RD = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.41) and illicit drugs (RD = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.95) initiated prenatal care later than those who did not report use of each substance. Women who reported prenatal use of any opioid (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.68, 1.00), prescription opioids (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.69, 1.02), marijuana (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.48, 0.73) and illicit drugs (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.20, 0.42) were less likely to receive adequate prenatal care. Women who reported prenatal use of any opioid (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.65, 1.04), prescription opioids (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.66, 1.05), marijuana (OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.51, 0.82) and illicit drugs (OR = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.72) had a lower likelihood of a postpartum visit than those who did not report use of each substance. Results indicate potential intervention points for pregnant women who use substances.

URL

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107065

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2022

Journal Title

Preventive Medicine

Author(s)

Simmons, Elizabeth
Austin, Anna E.

Article Type

Regular

PMCID

PMC10018998

Data Set/Study

Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)

Continent/Country

United States of America

State

Nonspecific

ORCiD

Simmons, E - 0000-0003-0780-467X