Malaria Prevalence and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Use in Rural Western Uganda: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey Conducted in an Area of Highly Variable Malaria Transmission Intensity

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Citation

Cote, Claire M.; Goel, Varun; Muhindo, Rabbison; Baguma, Emmanuel; Ntaro, Moses; Shook-Sa, Bonnie E.; Reyes, Raquel; Staedke, Sarah G.; Mulogo, Edgar M.; & Boyce, Ross M. (2021). Malaria Prevalence and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Use in Rural Western Uganda: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey Conducted in an Area of Highly Variable Malaria Transmission Intensity. Malaria Journal, 20(1), 304. PMCID: PMC8256478

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) remain a cornerstone of malaria control, but strategies to sustain universal coverage and high rates of use are not well-defined. A more complete understanding of context-specific factors, including transmission intensity and access to health facilities, may inform sub-district distribution approaches and tailored messaging campaigns.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 2190 households was conducted in a single sub-county of western Uganda that experiences highly variable malaria transmission intensity. The survey was carried out approximately 3 years after the most recent mass distribution campaign. At each household, study staff documented reported LLIN use and source among children 2 to 10 years of age and performed a malaria rapid diagnostic test. Elevation and distance to the nearest health facility was estimated for each household. Associations between parasite prevalence and LLIN use were estimated from log binomial regression models with elevation and distance to clinic being the primary variables of interest.
RESULTS: Overall, 6.8% (148 of 2170) of children age 2-10 years of age had a positive RDT result, yielding a weighted estimate of 5.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.4-6.2%). There was substantial variability in the positivity rates among villages, with the highest elevation villages having lower prevalence than lowest-elevation villages (p < .001). Only 64.7% (95% CI 64.0-65.5%) of children were reported to have slept under a LLIN the previous night. Compared to those living < 1 km from a health centre, households at 

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03835-7

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2021

Journal Title

Malaria Journal

Author(s)

Cote, Claire M.
Goel, Varun
Muhindo, Rabbison
Baguma, Emmanuel
Ntaro, Moses
Shook-Sa, Bonnie E.
Reyes, Raquel
Staedke, Sarah G.
Mulogo, Edgar M.
Boyce, Ross M.

Article Type

Regular

PMCID

PMC8256478

Continent/Country

Uganda

ORCiD

Goel - 0000-0002-2933-427X