Intimate Partner Violence and Gestational Weight Gain in a Population-Based Sample of Perinatal Women

Citation

Alhusen, Jeanne Lorraine; Geller, Ruth; Dreisbach, Caitlin; Constantoulakis, Leeza; & Siega-Riz, Anna Maria (2017). Intimate Partner Violence and Gestational Weight Gain in a Population-Based Sample of Perinatal Women. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 46(3), 390-402. PMCID: PMC5423819

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) at varied time points in the perinatal period on inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort using population-based secondary data. SETTING: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and birth certificate data from New York City and 35 states.
PARTICIPANTS: Data were obtained for 251,342 U.S. mothers who gave birth from 2004 through 2011 and completed the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey 2 to 9 months after birth. METHODS: The exposure was perinatal IPV, defined as experiencing physical abuse by a current or ex-partner in the year before or during pregnancy. Adequacy of gestational weight gain (GWG) was categorized using 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were used.
RESULTS: Approximately 6% of participants reported perinatal IPV, 2.7% reported IPV in the year before pregnancy, 1.1% reported IPV during pregnancy only, and the remaining 2.5% reported IPV before and during pregnancy. Inadequate GWG was more prevalent among participants who experienced IPV during pregnancy and those who experienced IPV before and during pregnancy (23.3% and 23.5%, respectively) than in participants who reported no IPV (20.2%; p < .001). Participants who experienced IPV before pregnancy only were significantly more likely to have excessive GWG (p < .001). Results were attenuated in the multivariate modeling; only participants who experienced IPV before pregnancy had weakly significant odds of excessive GWG (adjusted odds ratio = 1.14, 95% CI [1.02, 1.26]).
CONCLUSION: The association between perinatal IPV and inadequate GWG was explained by confounding variables; however, women who reported perinatal IPV had greater rates of GWG outside the optimal range. Future studies are needed to determine how relevant confounding variables may affect a woman's GWG.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2016.12.003

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2017

Journal Title

Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing

Author(s)

Alhusen, Jeanne Lorraine
Geller, Ruth
Dreisbach, Caitlin
Constantoulakis, Leeza
Siega-Riz, Anna Maria

PMCID

PMC5423819

ORCiD

Siega-Riz - 0000-0002-1303-4248