The Microbiome and Biological Aging in the Add Health Study
Summary
Age-related immune dysregulation and increases in inflammation, termed inflammaging, have been consistently implicated in most common age-related diseases, but the precise etiology of inter-individual differences in inflammaging are unknown. Changes in immunity and inflammation occur throughout the life course, but research on these processes among non-elderly populations has been limited. This is important because identifying sources of biological aging and inflammation before individuals reach older age may help identify points for intervention. The composition of the gut microbiota has been shown in animal models to have profound influence over, and interactions with, the immune system. Findings from germ-free mice suggest that commensal gut microbes are a key cause of inflammaging, but this hypothesis has not been well- explored in humans. There are currently very few data examining how the microbiome relates to the fundamental aspects of aging biology, specifically inflammatory phenotypes and genomic markers of biological age. We propose to fill gaps in current microbiome research on aging, through the collection and analysis of oral and gut microbiome data in The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of adults with extensive social environment data and existing or ongoing analyses of genomic and phenotypic markers of inflammation and aging.